While Captain Lutz was an experienced pilot, his competency would come under close scrutiny during the course of the investigation, which concluded that the accident was a controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) caused by a series of pilot errors and navigation mistakes that led the plane off-course.

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In this particular incident, Lutz missed his approach into Sion and circled over what he thought was Sion's airport for several minutes before passengers spotted road signs in Italian; the navigation error had taken them over the St. Bernard Pass through the Alps, and the airport they had been circling was in fact located near Aosta, Italy.

In contrast to the ILS approach, which displays lateral and vertical position, the VOR/DME approach only shows the lateral position of the aircraft and its range to the runway. The CVR records Lutz and Loehrer discussing "the 14 approach" as well as Lutz's request that Loehrer call out the height when the plane reaches 100 feet above DA (Decision Altitude The altitude at which an immediate decision to land or initiate a missed approach must be made).

[2] Lutz had twice failed to upgrade his flight certifications to the more complex MD-83 due to insufficient comprehension of its computerized navigational systems.

1 Dec 1939 : Offiziersanwrter: 1 Nov 1940 :

Although both pilots were based in Zurich and the CVR picks up Lutz's query to Loehrer about Loehrer's familiarity with "the 28 approach", which Loehrer confirmed he had, Lutz put the plane into an overly-steep descent that brought flight 3597 to MDA far too soon.

The airport's means of determining visibility were inadequate for runway 28. Hans Ulrich Schmied or Uli Schmied (born 1947), retired German rower who specialized in the double sculls.



After being hired by Crossair in 1979, his performance was negatively assessed by an inspector from what was then the Federal Aviation Office; however, later that year responsibility for evaluating pilots was devolved to the airlines, and for 17 years Crossair never once criticized his aptitude.

A curiosity was that Captain Lutz had just recently started to fly the RJ100, which meant that the first officer had more experience flying the type. Ten seconds after deciding to continue past the MDA, he said, Scheisse, two miles he said, he sees the runway! He apparently had no idea that they were still more than three nautical miles from the airport. Upon reaching MDA of 2,400 feet (730m), Lutz declared that he had "ground contact" and would continue on, then deliberately descended the plane below the MDA without having the required visual contact with either the approach lights or the runway,[2] a major piloting error that ultimately led to the crash.

With the captain the pilot in command, the plane took off from Berlin 21 minutes behind schedule at 21:01 local time.

You can find an overview of ongoing debates with our journalists here. The agreement to bring planes in via runway 28 after 10:00 p.m. was intended solely to reduce noise over German villages, and little thought seemed to have been given to the question of whether this approach was suitable for frequent use by large aircraft. But over the next couple minutes, as the crew configured the airplane for landing, their speed began to decrease.

With Lutz at the controls, flight 3597 lifted off from Berlin Tegel Airport at 9:01 p.m., 21 minutes late.

As the runway failed to come into view, Captain Lutz became increasingly frustrated.

prior to that he nearly crashed into lake, got lost in Italy, and destroyed a Saab 340 by retracting its gear on the ground Born : 22 Aug 1922: Berlin-Treptow: Died : 27 Dec 1950 (28) Moscow, Russia: If you can help with photo or any information on this Officer please contact us at gummi@uboat.net. It was a flight destined to Zurich Airport from Berlin Tegel Airport.

Now losing altitude at a rate of 1,200 feet per minute, the plane was still well short of the runway.

On the 24th of November 2001, a regional jet flying for Swiss carrier Crossair slammed into a hillside near Zrich, Switzerland while on final approach. WebHans-Ulrich Rudel (19161982), German ground-attack pilot during World War II.

The basic sequence of events which led to the crash began when the pilots of flight 3597 were asked to approach runway 28 instead of runway 14. Was it really one mans bad decision, or was it a perfect storm of adverse circumstances?

In command of Crossair Flight 3597 was 57-year-old Captain Hans Ulrich Lutz, a seasoned pilot with close to 20,000 flight hours.

[2]:27.

Lutz was an extremely experienced pilot with more than 19,500 flight hours approximately 19,300 of which were as pilot in command.

WebThe captain (Hans Ulrich Lutz) has a list of incidents prior to flight 3597: 1990 - Accidentally retracts landing gear and writes off Saab 340 (HB-AHA) 1995 - Came within 300 ft of a lake while conducting a night approach to Lugano Airport, Switzerland 1999 - Flew 50 miles the wrong way on a sightseeing flight (HB-AKI, CRX4718)

The investigation into the accident would reveal an all-too-familiar story: an assertive captain, an inexperienced first officer, a last-minute runway change, a navigational error. Make a go around? Lutz said quietly, as though weighing whether to act. Runway 28 at Zrich airport was fitted with an instrument landing system and an MSAW system. Azerbaijan Airlines Places Airbus Order For 12 A320neo Family Planes, Norse Atlantic Passengers Skip Immigration At JFK Airport, JetBlue And American Airlines Add Flights To Barbados, Vistara Launches Its Second London Heathrow Airport Route With The Boeing 787, WestJet 737 MAX Experiences Hydraulic Issues Leading To Engine Shutdown, Singapore Airlines Takes Delivery Of First "Post-Pandemic" Boeing 787-10.

There was a famous singer on board who died (Melanie Thornton). WebHans-Ulrich Rudel (19161982), German ground-attack pilot during World War II.

WebIt carries 28 passengers and 5 crew members, which include Hans Ulrich Lutz, a 57 year old Captain, and Stefan Loehrer, a 25 year old First Officer.

But at that moment they were actually 4.8nm (9km) from the runway. He ended up in Italy, and was only made aware of this after circling the airport for several minutes, when 2 piloti pazudui bez vsts, Vismaz 15 bojagjuo Krievijas helikoptera Mi8 katastrof Turuhanskas rajon, Krasnojarskas apgabal, W katastrofie Boeinga 737-200 nalecego do TAAG Angola Airlines w pnocnej Angoli zgino 5 spord 78 osb na pokadzie. Despite this, Crossair continued to let him fly even though he had nearly crashed while trying to land at Lugano Airport (LUG). But all of these difficulties by themselves werent sufficient to say much about Lutz, except that he was maybe a little bit slow to learn.



St. Maarten's injuries were classified as "severe". However, Flight 3597 was behind schedule and would not reach Zrich until after 22:00 CET, necessitating a change to its landing plan.

This episode was fascinating because usually they point to a series of factors that caused the crash. Despite the hilly terrain surrounding it, the approach to runway 28 was not equipped with a Minimum Safe Altitude Warning (MSAW) system, which triggers an alarm if a minimum safe altitude is violated.



(How Swiss residents felt about this must not have been given as much thought.) As flames threatened to consume what remained of the cabin, nine people seven passengers and two flight attendants fled out into the frigid night. Select any of the newsletters below to "Subscribe" with your email address {0}. We cannot record everything. The AAIB noted that despite his immense experience, Lutz made several fairly basic mistakes during the approach that raised questions about his mental state at the time of the crash.

@cooperlund @tinybaby Crossair Flight 3597, Captain Hans Ulrich Lutz crashed his plane into a marked hill by the airport killing most of germany's spice girls. Lutz exclaimed, "Shit, two miles he said, he sees the runway!"

It was one of these RJ100s that was scheduled to carry out Crossair flight 3597, a regular flight from Berlin, Germany to Zrich, Switzerland on the 24th of November 2001. (Curiously, however, Lutz had switched to the RJ100 so recently that Lhrer actually had more hours on type than he did.) Remarkably, Crossair was never informed of the incident.

WebHans-Ulrich Hanitsch Oberleutnant zur See (Crew XII/39) No ships sunk or damaged. Captain Crash: Hans Ulrich Lutz (the pilot of Crossair Flight 3597) was almost this in real-life, to the point where he once wrecked a plane by retracting the landing gear on the runway. This officer had the right to conduct internal investigations, but since his appointment he had never actually done so, and he knew nothing about the problems with crew performance, which were typically dealt with by the respective fleet managers.





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Could Captain Lutz have decided to descend below the MDA on approach to Zrich in an attempt to emulate his technique from the approach to Lugano?

This meant that they needed to descend more slowly in order to drop the same amount over the same distance. Please click the link in the e-mail to activate your account.

The visual minimums at the time of the accident were actually inappropriate for using the standard approach to runway 28.

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It was only as they were descending toward 13,000 feet at 9:47, having already conducted a full approach briefing, that air traffic control informed them they would be landing on runway 28 instead.

Because flight 3597 was on track to land shortly after 10:00, they just missed the cutoff to avoid having to use runway 28.

Before the approach they did not agree on a set of circumstances which would trigger a go-around, making it harder for Lhrer to judge whether Lutz was pushing things too far. Hopelessly crippled, the RJ100 struggled on for a further 200 meters, plunging down the back side of the ridge before slamming into the valley below.

Go around, both pilots said in unison.

More: SWI swissinfo.ch certified by the Journalism Trust Initiative.

While Captain Lutz was an experienced pilot, his competency would come under close scrutiny during the course of the investigation, which concluded that the accident was a controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) caused by a series of pilot errors and navigation mistakes that led the plane off-course.



He ended up in Italy, and was only made aware of this after circling the airport for several minutes, when

Investigators felt that as pilot monitoring, First Officer Lhrer should have raised some objection to this ill-informed plan.



TAWS relies on a pre-programmed terrain database to predict collisions well in advance, a capability which could have prevented the accident.

For example, in 1999, while conducting a privately chartered sightseeing flight to Sion, Lutz accidentally overshot the destination by more than 50 kilometers and ended up in Italy.

[failed verification] This course deviation caused the plane to crash into a hilltop, 4.05 kilometres (2.52mi; 2.19nmi) short of and 150 metres (490ft) north of its assigned landing strip, runway 28. @cooperlund @tinybaby Crossair Flight 3597, Captain Hans Ulrich Lutz crashed his plane into a marked hill by the airport killing most of germany's spice girls. Let us know what topics you would like to discuss with fellow SWI readers. WebWhile Captain Lutz was an experienced pilot, his competence soon came under close scrutiny by investigators from the Swiss Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB).

On Monday Zurich police released a list of the names of the 24 people killed.



WebHans Ulrich Lutz has been listed as a noteworthy biochemist, researcher by Marquis Who's Who.

With both pilots suffering from fatigue and looking forward to getting on the ground, monitoring tasks started to slip away from them, beginning with their descent rate, then their distance from the airport.

The problem was that unlike a lake, the terrain underneath the approach to runway 28 was not flat. [2]:23 The report also documented Lutz's role in causing the total loss of a Crossair Saab 340 by retracting its landing gear while it was still on the apron,[2]:25 which led to Crossair relieving him of his flight instructing duties in 1991.

In 2001, Crossair operated 16 Avro RJ100s, making it the largest single operator of the type at the time.

He was required to inform Crossair of this second job so that company dispatchers could ensure he complied with flight duty time limits, but while airline management knew of Lutzs activities on an informal basis, no attempt was made to ensure that he adhered to regulatory limits.

The AAIB would conclude that the accident was a controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) caused by a series of pilot errors and navigation mistakes that led the plane off-course. Loehrer, in contrast, was inexperienced with just 490 total flight hours. At 21:58, the plane was cleared for landing on Runway 28 and turned to make its final approach.

Then came the purely political runway assignment, the lack of safety equipment, the fatigue, the lousy weather, the slowly escalating series of missteps and errors. At 22:07 CET, the airplane crashed into a wooded range of hills near the small town of Bassersdorf, around 4km (2.5 miles) short of the runway, where it broke apart and went up in flames.

In hindsight, controllers should have allowed incoming planes to land on runways 14 and 16 but in doing so, they would have had to explain to local authorities why the Germans were complaining about airplane noise again.

The charts included a new set of approach parameters, of which the higher minimum descent altitude (MDA) was the most crucial piece of information. Before the crash, the plane had logged 13,000 flying hours with 11,500 takeoffs and landings.

We would be grateful if you would support our work by recording your loved ones, preserving their memory for future generations. Not long after the crash, the Swiss Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB) determined that it was a controlled flight into terrain.

Contact me via @Admiral_Cloudberg on Reddit, @KyraCloudy on Twitter, or by email at kyracloudy97@gmail.com. Just dont do it! He also failed two MD-80 proficiency checkrides which prevented him from upgrading.



Why Switzerland needs workers from abroad, SWI swissinfo.ch certified by the Journalism Trust Initiative. Two four, the minimum, said Lutz.

The report also documented Lutz's role in causing the total loss of a Crossair Saab 340 by retracting its landing gear while it was still on the apron, which led to Crossair relieving him of his training captain duties in 1991. Hans Ulrich von Schaffgotsch (15951635), Silesian nobleman, fought in the Silesian front of the Thirty Years' War.

Hans Ulrich von Schaffgotsch (15951635), Silesian nobleman, fought in the Silesian front of the Thirty Years' War. A password reset e-mail has been sent to your address. Join the discussion of this article on Reddit!

Then in 1991, while undergoing a route check, he failed to comply with an ATC instruction, flew into the wake of a Boeing 747, and forgot to tell the flight attendants to be seated for landing. Press J to jump to the feed.

The aircraft operating the flight was a five-year-old British-manufactured Avro 146-RJ100 registered HB-IMX.

Analyzer of plane crashes. Crossair was a Swiss regional airline specializing in short flights within Switzerland as well as to and from neighboring countries. The report revealed that the pilot had failed to perform correct navigation and landing procedures on previous occasions, but no action had been taken by the airline to remove him from transporting passengers. They would discover a pilot with a history of outlandish misadventures that defied common sense.

That changed in 1996 when he attempted to upgrade to the McDonnell Douglas MD-83, only to fail out of conversion training twice because of difficulty with the autoflight systems. Hans Ulrich Lutz, Swiss aviator with the Crossair airline, worked as a pilot-in-command and a training pilot, even though his competences were somewhat slim: flying a Saab 340, he failed an upgrade exam to MD-80 eight consecutive times; he crashed an aircraft while sitting on the tarmac (he tried to retract the gear to show the student . WebWhile Captain Lutz was an experienced pilot, his competence soon came under close scrutiny by investigators from the Swiss Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB). Loehrer, in contrast, was inexperienced with just 490 total flight hours. Prior to its takeover of Swissair to form Swiss International Airlines in 2002, it operated a large and sometimes eclectic fleet of small to midsized airliners, including the Saab 340, the Avro RJ85 and RJ100, two types of Embraer E-jets, and the McDonnell-Douglas MD-83 (some of which it painted in garish McDonalds livery to advertise the restaurant chain, probably because the airline was perpetually short of cash).

The aircraft was powered by four Lycoming LF507-1F turbofan engines.

Two seconds later, he made his decision.

During final approach, passengers noticed road signs in Italian outside the plane, at which point the pilots performed a go-around and proceeded to the correct airport. Despite not being able to see the runway, Captain Lutz continued his descent below the glide path, crashing into a hillside near the village of Bassersdorf, two and a half miles short of the airport.

1 Dec 1939 : Offiziersanwrter: 1 Nov 1940 : It was quite probable that he did.
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This page was last edited on 16 March 2023, at 09:59.

But the system which allowed him to make such a confounding decision was rotten to the core: if there was one thing the accident revealed, it was that flying in Switzerland wasnt safe. WebHans Ulrich Lutz has been listed as a noteworthy biochemist, researcher by Marquis Who's Who.

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